Catanzariti, A.M. Jones, D.A. text xx 9999 monographic und

electronic

Anunderstanding of the molecular mechanisms that plant pathogens use to successfully colonise host tissue can be gained by studying the biological activity of pathogen proteins secreted during infection. Several secreted 'effector' proteins with possible roles in virulence have been isolated from extracellular fungal pathogens, ncluding three that have been shown to negate host defences. In most cases, significant effector variation is observed between different pathogen isolates, driven by the recognitional capacity of disease resistance proteins arrayed against the pathogen by the host plant. This review summarises what is known about the expression, function and variation of effectors isolated from extracellular fungal pathogens. AVIRULENCE EFFECTOR-TRIGGERED IMMUNITY HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE PLANT DISEASE RESISTANCE VIRULENCE https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_N8QGdopsUEkHdtjyBq1LEEuzJGoxCuY/view?usp=drivesdk https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_N8QGdopsUEkHdtjyBq1LEEuzJGoxCuY/view?usp=drivesdk 250602 20260521091352.0